Jos. Paul Böhm - Karl Muck, about 1920

Jos. Paul Böhm (active Munich, early 20th century)

Karl Muck, about 1920

Gelatin silver print, 13.9 x 8.8 cm (5 1/2 x 3 7/16 in.)

Commentary

Isabella Stewart Gardner was fiercely loyal to the musicians she championed, including Boston Symphony Orchestra musical director Karl Muck (1859-1940). A Swiss citizen, Muck found himself at the center of controversy during World War I, when he initially failed to include the “Star Spangled Banner” during performances. His national loyalties were questioned in the press. Muck was arrested in March 1918 and deported with his wife one year later. Gardner was outraged and expressed her support for the Mucks at a cost to her reputation; undaunted, she maintained her friendships with them to the end of her life.